The Benefits of Composting: Turning Kitchen Scraps into Nutrient Rich Soil

I. REDUCING WASTE AND LANDFILL CONTRIBUTION

Millions of tonnes of organic waste are disposed of each year in the UK alone.

The UK generated approximately 6.6 million tonnes of food waste in 2019, with only 1.8 million tonnes being recycled.

Composting kitchen scraps can divert this waste from landfills and turn it into a valuable resource for our gardens.

Composting reduces the volume of waste and helps mitigate the production of harmful methane gas released during organic matter decomposition in landfills.

By composting at home, we can actively reduce our carbon footprint and promote a more sustainable waste management system.

II. IMPROVING SOIL QUALITY AND FERTILITY

Compost enriches the soil with essential nutrients, improves its structure, and enhances water retention.

The organic matter in compost acts as a natural slow release fertilizer, providing plants with a steady supply of nutrients over time.

Compost improves soil structure by increasing its ability to hold moisture and improving drainage, which is particularly beneficial in the UK where heavy clay soils are common.

By incorporating compost into the soil, gardeners can create a more balanced and fertile environment for their plants, leading to healthier growth and increased yields.

III. ENHANCING MICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND BIODIVERSITY

Composting fosters a thriving ecosystem of beneficial microorganisms, earthworms, and other soil dwelling creatures.

These organisms play a crucial role in breaking down organic matter and converting it into nutrient rich humus.

Compost amended soils have been found to have higher microbial biomass and activity compared to non amended soils.

By composting at home, gardeners can actively contribute to the preservation and enhancement of soil biodiversity, reducing the need for synthetic fertilizers and pesticides.

IV. A STEP BY STEP GUIDE TO COMPOSTING IN YOUR UK GARDEN

CHOOSE A COMPOSTING METHOD

Decide whether you want to use a compost bin, a compost tumbler, or create an open compost pile directly on the ground.

SELECT A LOCATION

Find a suitable spot in your garden that is easily accessible and receives a mix of sun and shade.

Ensure the area is well drained to prevent waterlogging.

LAYER GREENS AND BROWNS

Begin by adding a layer of "greens" such as fruit and vegetable scraps, grass clippings, or coffee grounds.

Follow this with a layer of "browns" such as dry leaves, straw, or shredded newspaper.

Alternate between green and brown layers to maintain a balanced carbon to nitrogen ratio.

MOISTEN THE PILE

Keep the compost pile moist but not soggy.

The ideal moisture content for composting is around 40 60%.

Water it regularly, especially during dry spells, to maintain the ideal moisture level for decomposition.

TURN THE PILE

Every few weeks, use a garden fork or compost aerator to turn the pile.

This helps aerate the compost, speed up decomposition, and prevent odors.

MAINTAIN THE PILE

Maintain the balance between greens and browns as you continue to add kitchen scraps and yard waste.

Avoid adding meat, dairy products, or oily foods, as they can attract pests and slow down the composting process.